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aircraft:dash8-q400 [2018/07/20 17:54] – jhaircraft:dash8-q400 [2023/11/08 20:57] (current) – jh
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-=====Bombardier Dash 8Q-400=====+===== **REDIRECTION NOTICE** =====
  
-{{:wiki:q400hor.jpg?450|}}+The tutorials have been moved to the aerofly.com main page.
  
 +[[https://www.aerofly.com/tutorials/|→ New Aerofly FS Tutorials]]
  
-====V Speeds and Ranges====+\\ 
 +\\ 
 +\\ 
 +\\ 
 +\\ 
 +\\
  
-^ Speed Limits                      ^^ +=====Bombardier Dash 8Q-400=====
-|Max Cruise Speed         |360 KIAS  | +
-|High Speed Cruise Speed  |349 KIAS  | +
-|Long Range Cruise Speed  |287 KIAS  |+
  
-^Maximum Operating Limit Speeds - Vmo ^^ +{{:wiki:q400hor.jpg?450|}}
-^ Altitude (up to) ^Speed (KNOTS)      ^ +
-| 0 - 8,000        | 245               | +
-| 10,000           | 282               | +
-| 18,000           | 286               | +
-| 20,000           | 275               | +
-| 25,000           | 248               | +
- +
- +
-^Max Flaps Extend Speed (Vfe)                     ^^^^^ +
-^ Position | 5        | 10       | 15      | 35       | +
-^ Speed    | 200 KIAS | 181 KIAS |172 KIAS | 158 KIAS | +
- +
-^ Minimum Control Speed (Vmca)                         ^^^^^ +
-^ Flaps Position | 0        | 5       | 10      | 15       | +
-^ Speed          | 113 KIAS | 98 KIAS | 95 KIAS | 91 KIAS  | +
- +
-^ Va (Maneuvering)             | 204 KIAS | +
-^ Vlo (Landing Gear Operation) | 200 KIAS | +
-^ Vle (Landing Gear Extended)  | 215 KIAS | +
-^ Vra (Rough Air)              | 210 KIAS | +
- +
- +
-^ Takeoff Field Length  | 4,819 Feet | +
-^ Landing Field Length  | 4,232 Feet |+
  
 ===== Introduction To The Flightdeck ===== ===== Introduction To The Flightdeck =====
  
-{{:wiki:flight_deck.jpg?700|}}+{{:wiki:flight_deck.jpg?450|}}
  
 Take your time and look around the Cockpit for a bit. Read the panel names and get an idea where which panel is located. Lets start a bit of a tour through the flight deck of the Q400. Take your time and look around the Cockpit for a bit. Read the panel names and get an idea where which panel is located. Lets start a bit of a tour through the flight deck of the Q400.
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   * **ELEVATOR TRIM** indication - If you don't have a control axis assigned for this you can use the mouse wheel over the indicator to adjust the trim ND (nose down) or NU (nose up). When you have an analog axis assigned please be ready to retrim the aircraft when ever you change the position of the aircraft with the location dialog. If you don't assign an axis the trim will be set for takeoff, landing or cruise depending when you select these starting locations with the location dialog.   * **ELEVATOR TRIM** indication - If you don't have a control axis assigned for this you can use the mouse wheel over the indicator to adjust the trim ND (nose down) or NU (nose up). When you have an analog axis assigned please be ready to retrim the aircraft when ever you change the position of the aircraft with the location dialog. If you don't assign an axis the trim will be set for takeoff, landing or cruise depending when you select these starting locations with the location dialog.
   * **EMERG**ency/Parking **BRAKE** lever - Click the lever to toggle the parking brake   * **EMERG**ency/Parking **BRAKE** lever - Click the lever to toggle the parking brake
-  * **POWER** levers - currently cannot be adjusted by mouse but can be assigned in the control settings as "Throttle" 1 and 2 as well as "Thrust reverse" 1 and 2. The forward throttle controls the range from DISC to full RATING power with FLT IDLE being the minimum allowed position in flight. Reverse moves the levers aft of DISC towards FULL REV(erse). +  * **POWER** levers - can be assigned in the control settings as "Throttle" 1 and 2 as well as "Thrust reverse" 1 and 2. Both levers can be dragged with the mouse together by holding down the right mouse button or individually by holding down the left mouse button. The forward throttle controls the range from DISC to full RATING power with FLT IDLE being the minimum allowed position in flight. Reverse moves the levers aft of DISC towards FULL REV(erse). 
-  * **CONTROL LOCK** - click on black bar in front of the power levers to set and remove the gust lock. This should only be done on ground as is locks the ailerons in neutral. When the power levers are advance to far the gust lock in Aerofly is automatically removed so that you can take off even if you forgot to remove the gust lock first. +  * **CONTROL LOCK** - click on black bar in front of the power levers to set and remove the gust lock. This should only be done on ground as is locks the ailerons in neutral. When the power levers are advance to far the gust lock in Aerofly is automatically removed so that you can take off even if you forgot to remove the gust lock. 
-  * **PROP**eller levers - are also called "condition levers" since they not only affect the propeller rotation speed but also the rating of the engine (maximum torque value). These levers can be assigned in the control settings as "Propeller speed" 1 and 2 or can be adjusted with the mouse wheel and mouse buttons. When interacting with the mouse aim at the lower part of the lever, at the surface of the quadrant.+  * **PROP**eller levers - are also called "condition levers" since they not only affect the propeller rotation speed but also the rating of the engine (maximum torque value). These levers can be assigned in the control settings as "Propeller Speed" 1 and 2 or can be adjusted with the mouse wheel. Both levers can also be dragged with the mouse: together by holding down the right mouse button or individually by holding down the left mouse button.
   * **FLAPS** lever - Affects the target position of the flaps. Flap 35 can only be recommended for very short runways, typically flaps 15 is plenty. The flap lever can be adjusted with the mouse scroll wheel or by holding down the left mouse button and moving the mouse to drag the lever. There are also assignable axis or buttons for the flaps in the control settings. Default key commands are "F" and "Shift+F".   * **FLAPS** lever - Affects the target position of the flaps. Flap 35 can only be recommended for very short runways, typically flaps 15 is plenty. The flap lever can be adjusted with the mouse scroll wheel or by holding down the left mouse button and moving the mouse to drag the lever. There are also assignable axis or buttons for the flaps in the control settings. Default key commands are "F" and "Shift+F".
  
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 **Automatic Frequency Tuning (FMS Mode)** **Automatic Frequency Tuning (FMS Mode)**
  
-The simulated ARCDU in the Aerofly FS 2 have the capability to tune the ILS frequencies of the destination airport fully automatically. They also set the course which is not possible in the real world aircraft. Automatic tuning is only performed when the mode selector of the ARCDU is in "FMS". The left ARCDU (ARCDU 1) can tune ILS1 and the right ARCDU (ARCDU 2) tunes ILS2 if they are set to "FMS" mode respectively.+The ARCDUs have the capability to tune the ILS frequencies of the destination airport fully automatically. They also set the course which is not possible in the real world aircraft. Automatic tuning is only performed when the mode selector of the ARCDU is in "FMS". The left ARCDU (ARCDU 1) can tune ILS1 and the right ARCDU (ARCDU 2) tunes ILS2 if they are set to "FMS" mode respectively.
  
 **Manual Modes (ON, BOTH)** **Manual Modes (ON, BOTH)**
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 **Arming Altitude Acquire (ALT SEL)** **Arming Altitude Acquire (ALT SEL)**
  
-Unlike most modern airlines the Q400 engineers decided that the altitude capture function should only engage when pilots explicitly press a button to arm it. Since it is very unique for an autopilot we modeled this in the Aerofly FS 2 aircraft but this also means that you have to **check if ALT SEL is armed in white on the PFD** every time you changed the selected altitude. Typically a press on the ALT SEL pushbutton is required when you are maintaining the current altitude and want to climb or descent to another altitude. Then another vertical mode has to be engaged and the selected altitude has to be changed and ALT SEL needs to be pushed.+Unlike most modern airlines the Q400 engineers decided that the altitude capture function should only engage when pilots explicitly press a button to arm it. Since it is very unique for an autopilot we modeled this in the Aerofly FS aircraft but this also means that you have to **check if ALT SEL is armed in white on the PFD** every time you changed the selected altitude. Typically a press on the ALT SEL pushbutton is required when you are maintaining the current altitude and want to climb or descent to another altitude. Then another vertical mode has to be engaged and the selected altitude has to be changed and ALT SEL needs to be pushed.
  
 On the upside, if you ever wish to prevent a level off you can disarm the altitude capture (ALT SEL) by holding the ALT SEL button for 1 second. On the upside, if you ever wish to prevent a level off you can disarm the altitude capture (ALT SEL) by holding the ALT SEL button for 1 second.
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 VNAV PATH will engage once the vertical profile is intercepted. To intercept use any other vertical, e.g. vertical speed and either increment the descent rate if you are above profile or reduce sinkrate or even level off when the vertical deviation shows that the flight plan is above you. VNAV PATH will engage once the vertical profile is intercepted. To intercept use any other vertical, e.g. vertical speed and either increment the descent rate if you are above profile or reduce sinkrate or even level off when the vertical deviation shows that the flight plan is above you.
  
 +==== Flight Management System (FMS) ====
  
 +The Q400 uses the Universal FMS which is also used in the Learjet 45 and in the specific 737-500 simulated in Aerofly FS. The FMS is described in detail on the [[aircraft:universal_uns1_fms|Universal UNS-1]] wiki page.
 +
 +{{ :wiki:q400_cdu.jpg?300 |}}
 ==== Warning Sounds ==== ==== Warning Sounds ====
  
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 **TakeOff GoAround (TOGA) Mode** **TakeOff GoAround (TOGA) Mode**
  
-In the control settings of the Aerofly FS 2 there is a control assignment in the autopilot controls for "TakeOff GoAround Button (TOGA)". Press this button now. If you don't want to assign this you can also depress the "HDG" pushbutton. Note how the flight director on the PFD came alive and the active lateral mode "WINGS LVL" was selected. The vertical mode "GA" is also activated but the selected altitude is not armed yet. And our selected altitude may be off.+In the control settings of the Aerofly FS there is a control assignment in the autopilot controls for "TakeOff GoAround Button (TOGA)". Press this button now. If you don't want to assign this you can also depress the "HDG" pushbutton. Note how the flight director on the PFD came alive and the active lateral mode "WINGS LVL" was selected. The vertical mode "GA" is also activated but the selected altitude is not armed yet. And our selected altitude may be off.
  
 {{ :wiki:q400_fgcp_alt_sel.jpg?350|}} {{ :wiki:q400_fgcp_alt_sel.jpg?350|}}
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 Additional requirements for the category 2 ILS approach with this DUAL FD mode are two identical decision heights on left and right PFD, both below 200ft (CAT 2) and, of course, working radar altimeters. Additional requirements for the category 2 ILS approach with this DUAL FD mode are two identical decision heights on left and right PFD, both below 200ft (CAT 2) and, of course, working radar altimeters.
  
-This DUAL FD fail->active, fail->passive behavior is modeled in the Aerofly FS 2 Q400, if you re-tune one receiver for example or switch the nav source on one side away from ILS. In case the capability of the aircraft to fly the ILS 2 approach drops (e.g. one nav source is set to the wrong position) a CAT 2 FAIL message is displayed. Then your approach minimums change and you might need to go around.+This DUAL FD fail->active, fail->passive behavior is modeled in the Aerofly FS Q400, if you re-tune one receiver for example or switch the nav source on one side away from ILS. In case the capability of the aircraft to fly the ILS 2 approach drops (e.g. one nav source is set to the wrong position) a CAT 2 FAIL message is displayed. Then your approach minimums change and you might need to go around.
  
  
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 Try to take the second high speed exit off the runway to the right. (The one after a small concrete patch to the right of the runway, ending directly behind that parked British Airways aircraft). This should take only slight to moderate braking and we'll end up right in front of the terminal where we want to park. Try to take the second high speed exit off the runway to the right. (The one after a small concrete patch to the right of the runway, ending directly behind that parked British Airways aircraft). This should take only slight to moderate braking and we'll end up right in front of the terminal where we want to park.
  
-With the little trick (tapping the reverser key once) we could turn off the second exit whilst testing without braking at all in our testing with the current version of the Aerofly FS 2.+With the little trick (tapping the reverser key once) we could turn off the second exit whilst testing without braking at all in our testing with the current version of the Aerofly FS.
  
 **Lights Off** **Lights Off**
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 +
 +
 +===== V Speeds and Ranges =====
 +
 +[[aircraft:basic_flight_information|What are the v-speeds?]]
 +
 +^ Speed Limits                      ^^
 +|Max Cruise Speed         |360 KIAS  |
 +|High Speed Cruise Speed  |349 KIAS  |
 +|Long Range Cruise Speed  |287 KIAS  |
 +
 +^Maximum Operating Limit Speeds - Vmo ^^
 +^ Altitude (up to) ^Speed (KNOTS)      ^
 +| 0 - 8,000        | 245               |
 +| 10,000           | 282               |
 +| 18,000           | 286               |
 +| 20,000           | 275               |
 +| 25,000           | 248               |
 +
 +
 +^Max Flaps Extend Speed (Vfe)                     ^^^^^
 +^ Position | 5        | 10       | 15      | 35       |
 +^ Speed    | 200 KIAS | 181 KIAS |172 KIAS | 158 KIAS |
 +
 +^ Minimum Control Speed (Vmca)                         ^^^^^
 +^ Flaps Position | 0        | 5       | 10      | 15       |
 +^ Speed          | 113 KIAS | 98 KIAS | 95 KIAS | 91 KIAS  |
 +
 +^ Va (Maneuvering)             | 204 KIAS |
 +^ Vlo (Landing Gear Operation) | 200 KIAS |
 +^ Vle (Landing Gear Extended)  | 215 KIAS |
 +^ Vra (Rough Air)              | 210 KIAS |
 +
 +
 +^ Takeoff Field Length  | 4,819 Feet |
 +^ Landing Field Length  | 4,232 Feet |
  
  
aircraft/dash8-q400.1532102042.txt.gz · Last modified: 2018/07/20 17:54 by jh